The Year in Heart Failure Review 2015 to 2016.

We also learned of an important number of neutral and negative trials that have benefited our patients. We discovered that adaptive servo-ventilation, positive airway pressure therapy, in central sleep apnea patients with HFrEF demonstrated an increase in mortality and cardiovascular mortality, and had no advantage on the composite endpoints of heart failure hospitalization, death, or other secondary endpoints, such as quality of life. These results brought into question the use of adaptive servo-ventilation in patients with central sleep apnea, and therefore, the strategy was removed from the international community. This therapy was not used frequently in the United States, but was used frequently in Japan and parts of Europe. We had 2 significant Heart Failure Network phase 2 studies that had negative results: